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isochrone map
An isochrone map (isochrone plan, isochrone diagram) in science and urban planning is a map showing areas related to isochrones between different points. An isochrone is defined as "a line drawn on a map connecting points at which something occurs or arrives at the same time".〔(Isochrone ) Babylon. Retrieved April 5, 2012.〕 Such a map is sometimes termed simply an isochrone. In hydrology and transportation planning isochrone maps are commonly used to depict areas of equal travel time. The term is also used in cardiology〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=MFS ECG Potential Map (40ms) )〕 as a tool to visually detect abnormalities using body surface distribution.
==History==
Isochrone maps have been used in transportation planning since 1887 or earlier.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Mapping Manchester project )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Disertation of Johannes Riedel )〕 Early examples of Isochrone maps include the Galton´s ''Isochronic Postal Charts'' and ''Isochronic Passage Charts'' of 1881 and 1882, Bartholomew's ''Isochronic Distance Map and Chart'' first published 1889
or earlier and Albrecht Penck's ''Isochronenkarte'' first published 1887. Where as Galton and the Bartholomews published maps depicting the days or weeks it took to travel long distances, Albrecht further developed the idea to not only depict long distances and world travel but also smaller areas. Penck also created a series of maps that only depict the travel times of a certain transportation mode, for example Rail transport.
Isochrone maps are commonly used in the UK in connection with development control.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Local Transport Planning Network )〕 Information technology in the has enabled them to be dynamically generated for use in websites, being used by house hunters wishing to evaluate residential areas.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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